ASTANA, KAZAKHSTAN

Average Temperature

Years on Record: 109

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		33		3		3		14		37		53		64		68		62		51		35		19		6

Average High Temperature

Years on Record: 89

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		44		10		12		24		48		66		77		80		75		64		46		28		15

Average Low Temperature

Years on Record: 105

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		26		-5		-5		5		28		41		51		55		51		41		30		12		---

Highest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		106.9		38.1		40.6		71.8		85.5		96.3		104.2		106.9		101.7		97.2		80.1		65.3		40.1

Lowest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
F		-60.9		-60.9		-56		-36.4		-17.9		12.6		29.3		36.1		28		17.2		-13.5		-38.6		-46.3

Average Precipitation

Years on Record: 114

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		12.8		0.9		0.6		0.7		0.8		1.2		1.6		2		1.4		1		1.1		0.8		0.8

Average Number of Days With Sleet

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		8		1		0.4		1		0.4		---		---		---		---		0.2		1		2		2

Most Reported Precipitation in a Month

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		23.1		2.7		4.3		3		2.5		3.3		4.7		6.2		6.5		3.5		2.8		2.2		2.2

Least Reported Precipitation in a Month

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		4.4		---		---		---		---		---		---		0.2		---		---		0.1		---		---

Most Precipitation Reported in a Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		3.4		1.4		1.4		1.4		1		1.7		1.5		3.4		3		2		1		1.2		0.6

Average Number of Rainy Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		105		2		2		5		9		14		13		15		13		12		10		7		3

Average Number of Days With Thunderstorms

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		23		---		---		---		1		3		6		8		4		1		---		0.1		---

Average No. of Days With Freezing Rain

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		17		3		3		4		1		---		---		---		---		---		0.2		3		3

Average Number of Days With Snow

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		124		25		23		19		6		1		0.1		---		---		1		7		18		24

Average Snow Cover

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		---		7.5		9.1		7.5		0.4		---		---		---		---		---		---		1.6		5.1

Deepest Snow Cover Reported

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
in		60.6		30.7		47.2		60.6		56.7		4.7		---		---		---		3.1		7.1		16.5		16.9

Avg. No. of Days w/Snowfall Above 10in/25cm

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		44		11		11		6		1		0.3		---		---		---		---		0.3		3		11

Av. # of Days w/Snow Depth Above 0.4in/10mm

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		143		31		28		28		4		0.3		---		---		---		0.1		3		19		30

Average Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		67		78		77		79		64		54		54		59		57		59		68		80		79

Heating Degree Days

Years on Record: 89

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		10070		1937.5		1737.4		1565.5		810		356.5		30		---		62		375		837		1350		1009.1

Cooling Degree Days

Years on Record: 89

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		77.5		---		---		---		---		---		---		77.5		---		---		---		---		---

Growing Degree Days

Years on Record: 89

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		1549		---		---		---		---		108.5		420		542.5		403		75		---		---		---

Average Length of Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		12.9		9.1		10.6		12.5		14.5		16.3		17.3		16.7		15.1		13.2		11.2		9.5		8.6

Average Number of Days With Fog

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		20		2		2		5		2		0.3		0.4		0.3		1		1		1		3		2

Average Number of Clear Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		38		3		4		5		4		3		3		1		3		4		3		3		2

Average Number of Cloudy Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		140		16		12		13		11		10		8		8		7		9		13		15		18

Average Number of Partly Cloudy Days

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		187		12		12		13		15		18		19		22		21		17		15		12		11

Average Number of Days With Smoke/Haze

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		1		---		---		---		---		---		---		0.3		0.2		0.1		0.1		---		---

Average Wind Speed

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mph		7.6		8.3		8.7		8.3		8.3		7.8		7.8		6.3		6.3		7		7.8		8.3		8.5

Average No. of Days With Blowing Dust/Sand

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		3		---		---		---		0.4		1		1		0.2		0.4		0.2		0.1		---		---

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.5		1		1.8		3.4		4.7		5.9		6.5		6.1		5.1		3.7		2.2		1.3		0.8

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.6		0.6		1		1.7		2.1		2.5		2.8		2.6		2.2		1.8		1.2		0.8		0.5

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4		1.8		3		4.6		5		5.5		5.6		5.4		5.1		4.5		3.2		2.3		1.7

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4		1.6		2.6		4		4.9		6		6.4		6		5.3		4.3		3		2		1.5

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3.5		1		1.8		3.4		4.7		5.9		6.5		6.1		5.1		3.7		2.2		1.3		0.8

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.8		0.7		1.2		1.8		2.2		2.7		3		2.7		2.2		1.9		1.3		0.9		0.6

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4.7		2.3		4		5.4		6		6.5		6.6		6.2		5.6		5.2		3.9		2.9		2

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		4.9		2		3.6		4.9		6.5		7.5		8		7.3		6.1		5.2		3.7		2.5		1.8

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		2.8		0.7		1.3		2.5		3.9		4.1		5.1		4.8		4.6		3.2		1.7		1		0.7

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		1.6		0.5		0.8		1.5		2.1		2.5		2.7		2.6		2.2		1.7		1		0.7		0.5

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		3		1.1		1.9		3.2		4		3.7		4.4		4.3		4.5		3.8		2.4		1.7		1.3

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
kWh/m2		2.6		0.8		1.5		2.4		3.4		2.8		4		3.7		4.3		3.4		2.1		1.5		1.1