ISTANBUL, TURKEY

Average Temperature

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		14		5		5		7		12		16		21		23		23		20		16		11		7

Average High Temperature

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		17		7		8		10		15		20		25		27		27		24		19		13		10

Average Low Temperature

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		10		2		2		4		8		12		16		18		19		16		12		8		5

Highest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		37		17		18		25		27		31		37		37		37		32		33		27		19

Lowest Recorded Temperature

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		-8		-8		-8		-6		---		3		8		10		8		5		2		-2		-3

Average Number of Days Above 90F/32C

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		5		---		---		---		---		---		1		2		2		---		---		---		---

Average Number of Days Above 65F/18C

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		177		---		---		2		8		22		30		31		31		29		20		3		---

Average Number of Days Below 32F/0C

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		21		7		7		4		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		3

Average Precipitation

Years on Record: 40

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		640		90		70		50		40		30		20		10		10		20		50		80		100

Average Number of Days With Precipitation

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		120		14		12		13		11		9		6		3		4		8		10		13		17

Average Number of Days With Thunderstorms

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		23		1		1		1		1		2		4		3		2		2		3		2		1

Most Rain Reported in a Month

Years on Record: 40

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		790		180		150		160		160		60		50		60		60		160		120		260		250

Least Recorded Rainfall

Years on Record: 40

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
mm		430		10		10		10		---		---		---		---		---		---		---		30		20

Average Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		74.6		80		80		75		75		70		70		65		70		70		80		80		80

Average Morning Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		82		82		81		83		81		84		83		83		84		82		83		81		81

Average Evening Relative Humidity

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
%		61		71		68		65		61		59		55		51		52		53		61		66		71

Average Dew Point

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
C		8		1		1		2		6		10		13		16		16		13		10		6		3

Heating Degree Days

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		2228.1		404.7		361		335.8		191.7		60.3		---		---		---		---		68.9		216.7		327.2

Cooling Degree Days

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		460.2		---		---		---		---		---		83.3		155		163.6		58.3		---		---		---

Growing Degree Days

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		1955.9		---		---		---		58.3		198.1		333.3		413.3		421.9		308.3		189.4		33.3		---

Average Length of Day

Years on Record: 30

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Hours		12.7		10.1		11.1		12.4		13.8		15		15.6		15.3		14.2		12.9		11.5		10.4		9.8

Average Number of Days With Fog

Years on Record: 21

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Days		228		23		20		24		21		18		15		15		15		16		19		21		21

Average Wind Speed

Years on Record: 18

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
km/h		17		16		19		17		17		17		17		19		20		19		16		17		17

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		15.1		5.3		8		12.6		17.4		22.9		26.2		26.7		22.8		17.5		10.4		6.3		4.5

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5.1		2.7		3.8		5.3		6.9		7.5		7.4		6.6		6		5.1		4.2		3		2.4

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		16.1		8.2		10.7		14.9		17.9		20.9		22.6		23.6		22.5		20.3		14		9.5		7.3

Average Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		17.8		7.6		10		14.1		17.8		24.2		29.1		31.2		27.2		22.6		13.6		9.1		6.8

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		15.1		5.3		8		12.6		17.4		22.9		26.2		26.7		22.8		17.5		10.4		6.3		4.5

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		5.5		2.8		3.9		5.5		7.2		8.5		8.2		7.3		7		5.8		4.4		3.1		2.5

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		19.6		11.2		14.4		20.9		20.5		24.1		25.7		25.1		24.8		24.1		18.6		14		11.2

Maximum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		23.8		11.4		15.1		23.3		22.6		31.4		37.5		35.2		32.1		29.2		20.3		15.2		11.7

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Global

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.4		4		5.4		8.9		11.7		18.2		23.9		24.9		20		14.8		8.8		4.8		3

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Diffuse

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		4.4		2.5		3.5		4.5		6.3		6.3		5.7		5.8		5.2		4.1		3.7		2.8		2

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Reflected

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.6		5.5		6.4		9.8		11.6		16.7		20.8		22.1		19.6		16.6		11.2		6.5		4

Minimum Daily Solar Radiation - Direct

Years on Record: 22

		ANNUAL		JAN		FEB		MAR		APR		MAY		JUN		JUL		AUG		SEP		OCT		NOV		DEC
Mj/m2		12.2		4.3		4.5		7.1		8		15.3		24.4		27.3		21.2		16.4		9.8		5.3		2.9